Gözden Geçirme: 2023
Robotik cerrahi nedir?
Robotik cerrahi, laparoskopik cerrahinin bir türüdür. Laparoskopi, genellikle günübirlik tedavi şeklinde uygulanan, minimal invaziv (az girişimsel) bir cerrahi yöntemdir. Karına her biri yaklaşık bir santimetre uzunluğunda küçük kesiler açılır ve bu kesilerden, ışıklı kamera (laparoskop) ve cerrahi aletler karın içine yerleştirilir. Laparoskop, karın veya pelvik boşluğa girerek cerrahi işlemin gerçekleştirilmesini sağlar. Geleneksel laparoskopide, cerrah bu aletleri doğrudan tutar ve kesilerden içeri yerleştirir. Aletler ileri–geri hareket edebilir, açılıp kapanabilir. Robotik cerrahide de aynı kesiler yapılır ve aletler yerleştirilir; ancak bu aletler genellikle “robotik kollar” tarafından tutulur. Cerrah, bu robotik kolları ve aletleri, hastanın birkaç metre uzağındaki bir kontrol merkezinden (konsol) yönetir. Konsol, aynı ameliyathanede olabileceği gibi uzaktan da kontrol edilebilir.Robotik cerrahinin geleneksel laparoskopiye göre avantajları nelerdir?
Geleneksel laparoskopiye kıyasla robotik cerrahinin çeşitli avantajları vardır. İlk olarak, konsolda yüksek çözünürlüklü kameralar kullanılır; bu da cerrahın karın ve pelvis içini daha net görmesini sağlar. Ayrıca robotik cerrahide görüntü 3 boyutlu olduğu için derinlik algısı daha iyidir; geleneksel laparoskopide ise görüntü 2 boyutludur. Robotik cerrahide aletlerin kontrolü daha gelişmiştir, çünkü robotik aletler cerrahın eliyle yapabileceği tüm yönlere hareket edebilir. Bu gelişmiş kontrol, cerrahın daha hassas hareketler yapmasına, el hareketlerini yavaşlatıp hızlandırabilmesine ve dikiş atma ile düğüm bağlama işlemlerinin daha kolay gerçekleştirilmesine olanak sağlar.
Robotik cerrahinin laparotomiye (açık cerrahi) göre avantajları nelerdir?
Laparotomiye kıyasla robotik cerrahi daha az invazivdir. Robotik cerrahide kesiler daha küçüktür ve iyileşme süresi 1–2 haftadır; oysa laparotomide bu süre 4–6 haftayı bulabilir. Ayrıca robotik laparoskopide kullanılan 3 boyutlu yüksek çözünürlüklü kamera, cerraha ameliyat sahası ve pelvis arka kısmı üzerinde daha geniş bir görüş sağlar ve yalnızca cerrahın gözleriyle yapılan laparotomiye kıyasla daha fazla büyütme imkânı sunar.
Robotik cerrahinin dezavantajları nelerdir?
Robotik cerrahi sırasında cerrah dokunun fiziksel hissini daha az alır. Birden fazla robotik kol kullanıldığında, hareket kabiliyeti sınırlanabilir. Robotik kollar cerrah tarafından kontrol edildiği için cerrahi asistanların yardım etme imkânı azalır. Ayrıca robotik cerrahinin süresi, geleneksel laparoskopi ya da laparotomiye göre daha uzun olabilir. Bu uzunluk, anestezi süresinin de artmasına neden olabilir ve bu da hasta için potansiyel riskleri artırabilir.
Robotik cerrahi ile en sık yapılan ameliyatlar nelerdir?
Jinekolojide robotik cerrahi sıklıkla aşağıdaki işlemler için kullanılır: histerektomi (rahmin alınması), miyomektomi (myomların alınması), idrar kaçırma cerrahileri, tüp onarımları, endometriozis (rahim iç tabakasının dışarıda büyümesi) dokusunun çıkarılması, pelvik kitlelerin çıkarılması ve onkolojik (kanser) cerrahiler. Özellikle gelişmiş dikiş atma ve düğüm bağlama becerileri sayesinde, açık cerrahi gerektiren büyük myomlar bile robotik yöntemle alınabilir. Gelişmiş alet hassasiyeti, kanser tedavisi için lenf nodlarının ve endometriozise bağlı yapışıklıkların çıkarılmasına da olanak sağlar. Teorik olarak, robotik cerrahi tüm laparoskopilerin ve birçok laparotominin yerini alabilir..
Turkish Fact Sheets
View more fact sheets and booklets written by the ASRM Patient Education Committee and translated by the Turkish Society of Reproductive Medicine.Resources For You
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SART Fertility Experts Podcast
An educational project of ASRM's affiliated society, the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART), this series is designed to provide up to date information about a variety of topics related to fertility testing and treatment such as IVF.
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Laparoscopy
Conditions Treated with Surgery on the Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
Surgery can be used to treat problems with the ovaries or fallopian tubes, such as cysts, endometriosis, or infections. View the Fact Sheet
Minimally invasive surgery
Surgery is termed “minimally invasive” if it uses small or no incisions (cuts). View the fact sheet
Treatment of uterine fibroids
Do all fibroids require treatment? Not usually, because most patients with fibroids do not have symptoms. View the fact sheet
What do I need to know about conceiving after surgery on my Fallopian tubes?
Fallopian tubes connect the ovary (where the eggs are stored and grow) to the uterus (womb), where the fertilized egg develops into a baby (fetus). View the fact sheet
Hydrosalpinx
The fallopian tubes are attached to the uterus (womb) on the left and right sides. View the Fact Sheet
Minimal invaziv cerrahi
Cerrahi yapılırken, küçük insizyonlar (kesiler) kullanıyorsa veya hiç kullanmıyorsa “minimal invaziv” olarak adlandırılır. View the fact sheet
Ovarian drilling for infertility
Often, women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) do not have regular menstrual periods. View the fact sheet
Robotic Surgery
Robotic surgery is a form of laparoscopy. View the fact sheet
Infertility: an Overview (booklet)
Infertility is typically defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse. View the booklet
Laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy
Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy can be used for both diagnostic (looking only) and operative (looking and treating) purposes. View the booklet
Endometriosis (booklet)
Women with endometriosis may experience infertility, pelvic pain, or both. This booklet will describe options for diagnosing and treating pain or infertility that may be attributed to endometriosis. View the BookletSurgery (reproductive)
ASRM Hosts Capitol Hill Briefing for Policymakers & Congressional Staff to Hear From Providers & Patients About Importance of IVF Access, Realities and Limitations of Restorative Reproductive Medicine
ASRM briefing united lawmakers, physicians & patients on IVF access, exposing RRM limits and urging policies to expand fertility care options.
SRS Warns Against Limiting Access to IVF Under the Guise of “Restorative” Care
SRS, an ASRM affiliate, advocates evidence-based reproductive surgery and full-spectrum fertility care for conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, and PCOS.
SART Fertility Experts - Surgery Before IVF Egg Retrieval and/or Embryo Transfer
Expert insights on surgery before IVF, egg retrieval, and embryo transfer. Learn how procedures like fibroid removal and tubal surgery impact fertility success. Listen to the Episode
Conditions Treated with Surgery on the Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries
Surgery can be used to treat problems with the ovaries or fallopian tubes, such as cysts, endometriosis, or infections. View the Fact Sheet
Dilation and Curettage (D&C)
“Dilation and curettage” (D&C) is a short surgical procedure that removes tissue from your uterus (womb). You may need this procedure if you have unexplained or abnormal bleeding or if you have delivered a baby and placental tissue remains in your womb. View the Fact Sheet
Intrauterine adhesions: what are they?
The inside of the uterus is like a balloon with the front and backwalls flat against each other. View the fact sheet
Minimally invasive surgery
Surgery is termed “minimally invasive” if it uses small or no incisions (cuts). View the fact sheet
Nonhormonal Contraception
Despite a large number of contraceptive options available to couples, it is still thought that 50% of pregnancies in the United States are unintended. View the fact sheet
Treatment of uterine fibroids
Do all fibroids require treatment? Not usually, because most patients with fibroids do not have symptoms. View the fact sheet
Varicocele
A varicocele is a variation of normal anatomy in which veins in the scrotum (the sac that holds the testicles) become enlarged and sometimes even visible. View the fact sheet
HORMONAL OLMAYAN DOĞUM KONTROLÜ
Çiftler için mevcut olan çok sayıda doğum kontrol seçeneği olmasına rağmen, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki gebeliklerin %45’inin istenmeyen gebelik olduğu düşünülmektedir. View the fact sheet
Minimal invaziv cerrahi
Cerrahi yapılırken, küçük insizyonlar (kesiler) kullanıyorsa veya hiç kullanmıyorsa “minimal invaziv” olarak adlandırılır. View the fact sheet
Varikosel
Varikosel, skrotumda (testisleri tutan torba) bulunan damarların genişlemesidir. View the fact sheet
Robotic Surgery
Robotic surgery is a form of laparoscopy. View the fact sheet
SART Fertility Experts - What is an REI?
These experts in infertility lead IVF programs, perform reproductive surgery, and perform research to enhance the field of reproductive medicine. Listen to the Episode
SART Fertility Experts - Tubal Surgery in the IVF Era
In this episode of SART Fertility Experts, Dr. Brad Hurst and Dr. Mark Trolice, to review the indications for tubal surgery. Listen to the Episode
Infertility: an Overview (booklet)
Infertility is typically defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse. View the booklet
Laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy
Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy can be used for both diagnostic (looking only) and operative (looking and treating) purposes. View the bookletFind a Health Professional
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